Resources
Authoritative references for payment card research, development and compliance. We link to primary sources where they exist.
Standards and specifications
- PCI Security Standards Council — PCI-DSS, PA-DSS and related standards documentation.
- ISO/IEC 7812 — Identification cards: identification of issuers, including the BIN/IIN structure.
- ISO/IEC 7813 — Financial transaction cards: magnetic stripe data content.
- ISO/IEC 7812-2 — Application and registration procedures for issuer identifiers.
Card network documentation
- Visa — network rules, product documentation and merchant resources.
- Mastercard — network rules and product documentation.
- American Express — network rules and merchant resources.
- Discover — network rules and merchant resources.
Our reference pages
- BIN Analysis data study — distribution of BINs by brand and region.
- What Is a BIN? — issuer identification structure.
- Luhn Algorithm — checksum explanation and edge cases.
- CVV vs CVC — security code differences by brand.
- Card Number Structure — MII, BIN, account and check digit.
Free tools on this site
- All free tools — 30 client-side utilities.
- BIN Lookup — issuer and brand from a prefix.
- Luhn Checker — structural validation.
- CVV Validator — brand-specific length check.
- IBAN Validator — mod-97 checksum.